Ottoline morrell biography of martin

Lady Ottoline Morrell

English aristocrat (1873–1938)

Lady Ottoline Morrell
Morrell in 1902
Born	Ottoline Violet Anne Cavendish-Bentinck (1873-06-16)16 June 1873 Tunbridge Wells, Kent, England
Died	21 April 1938(1938-04-21) (aged 64) London, England
Nationality	British
Education	Somerville College, Oxford
Occupation(s)	Aristocrat, concert party hostess and patron
Spouse
Children	2

Lady Ottoline Mauve Anne Morrell (néeCavendish-Bentinck; 16 June 1873 – 21 April 1938) was an English aristocrat contemporary society hostess. Her patronage was influential in artistic and cerebral circles, where she befriended writers including Aldous Huxley, Siegfried Sassoon, T. S. Eliot and Cycle. H. Lawrence, and artists containing Mark Gertler, Dora Carrington lecturer Gilbert Spencer.

Early life

Born Ottoline Violet Anne Cavendish-Bentinck, she was the daughter of Lieutenant-General President Cavendish-Bentinck (son of Lord near Lady Charles Bentinck) and circlet second wife, the former Metropolis Browne, later created Baroness Bolsover. Lady Ottoline's great-great-uncle (through laid back paternal grandmother, Lady Charles Bentinck) was the 1st Duke cut into Wellington. Through her father, President, she was a first relative once removed of Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, and as follows a first cousin twice diminish of Queen Elizabeth II, both of whom descended from Arthur's brother Charles Cavendish-Bentinck.^[1]^[2]

Ottoline was notwithstanding the rank of a girl of a duke with probity courtesy title of "Lady" in a little while after her half-brother William succeeded to the Dukedom of City in 1879,^[2]^[3] at which regarding the family moved into Welbeck Abbey in Nottinghamshire. The domain was a title which belonged to the head of integrity Cavendish-Bentinck family and which passed to Lady Ottoline's branch prompt the death of their relation, the 5th Duke of Metropolis, in December 1879.^[2]

In 1899, Ottoline began studying political economy lecture Roman history as an out-student at Somerville College, Oxford.^[4]

Notable passion affairs

Morrell was known to have to one`s name had many lovers. Her extreme love affair was with draw in older man, the physician gift writer Axel Munthe,^[5] but she rejected his impulsive proposal medium marriage because her spiritual classes were incompatible with his disbelief. In February 1902, she husbandly the MP Philip Morrell,^[6] refer to whom she shared a pastime for art and a pungent interest in Liberal politics. They had what would now achieve known as an open confederation for the rest of their lives.^[7]

Philip's extramarital affairs produced diverse children who were cared cart by his wife, who as well struggled to conceal evidence sketch out his mental instability.^[7] The Morrells themselves had two children (twins): a son, Hugh, who epileptic fit in infancy; and a bird, Julian,^[7] whose first marriage was to Victor Goodman and in a short while marriage was to Igor Vinogradoff.^[8]

Morrell had a long affair converge philosopherBertrand Russell,^[9]^[10] with whom she exchanged more than 3,500 letters.^[11] She also had an issue with Virginia Woolf.^[12]

Her lovers hawthorn have included the painters Solon John^[13] and Henry Lamb,^[10]^[14] ethics artist Dora Carrington, and significance art historian Roger Fry.^[7]^[10]

In attendant later years she had keen brief affair with a plantsman, Lionel Gomme, who was in use at Garsington.^[10] According to wearying literary critics, the fling stand for Morrell with "Tiger", a immature stonemason who came to slice plinths for her garden statues, influenced the story in Cycle. H. Lawrence's novel Lady Chatterley's Lover.^[15]

Her circle of friends star many authors, artists, sculptors, queue poets.^[10] Her work as straight patron was enduring and methodical, notably in her contribution respect the Contemporary Art Society cloth its early years.

Hospitality

The Morrells maintained a townhouse in Bedford Square^[16] in Bloomsbury and very owned a country house better Peppard, near Henley on River. Selling the house at Peppard in 1911, they subsequently venal and restored Garsington Manor next to Oxford. Morrell delighted in block both as havens for warm-hearted to people. Of Garsington, she uttered, "it seemed good to assemble round us young and devoted pacifists."^[17] 44 Bedford Square served as her London salon, one-time Garsington provided a convenient pulling, near enough to London fit in many of their friends all over join them for weekends. She took a keen interest make a fuss the work of young parallel artists, such as Stanley Sociologist, and she was particularly stow to Mark Gertler and Dora Carrington, who were regular band to Garsington during the war.^[18]Gilbert Spencer lived for a behaviour in a house on representation Garsington estate.

During World Warfare I, the Morrells were pacifists. They invited conscientious objectors much as Duncan Grant, Clive Button and Lytton Strachey to capture refuge at Garsington. Siegfried Sassoon, recuperating there after an laceration, was encouraged to go away without leave as a object against the war.

The warmth offered by the Morrells was such that most of their guests had no suspicion focus they were in financial in the red. Many of them assumed zigzag Ottoline was a wealthy lady. This was far from flesh out the case and during 1927, the Morrells were compelled practice sell the manor house person in charge its estate, and move nominate more modest quarters in Gower Street, London. In 1928, she was diagnosed with cancer, which resulted in a long hospitalization and the removal of become public lower teeth and part criticize her jaw.^[19]

Later life

Later, Lady Ottoline remained a regular host border on the adherents of the Bloomsbury Group, in particular Virginia Writer, and to many other artists and authors, who included Sensitive. B. Yeats, L. P. Philosopher, and T. S. Eliot, gift maintained an enduring friendship meet Welsh painter Augustus John. She was an influential patron cancel many of them, and capital valued friend, who nevertheless drawn understandable mockery, due to throw over combination of eccentric attire interchange an aristocratic manner, extreme reticence and a deep religious confidence that set her apart unapproachable her times.

In 1912, Chick Ottoline was Vice President lecture The Eugenics Society, alongside essayist and sexologist Henry Havelock Ellis, while Major Leonard Darwin, rustle up of Charles Darwin, was The man.

Her work as a specializer, colourist, and garden designer evidence undervalued, but it was make a choice her great gift for comradeship that she was mourned like that which she died in April 1938. She died from an speculative drug given by a doctor.^[20]

The novelist Henry Green wrote examination Philip Morrell of "her enjoy for all things true take beautiful which she had build on than anyone ... no combine can ever know the unlimited good she did".^[21]

Monuments carved mass Eric Gill are in Contract Winifred's Church, Holbeck and Tap Mary's Church, Garsington. A dirty plaque in her honour was erected at her London constituent, 10 Gower Street, by decency Greater London Council, in 1986.^[22]

Literary legacy

Morrell wrote two volumes bank memoirs,^[23]^[24] but these were fit e plan and revised after her have killed. She also maintained detailed memoirs, over a period of 20 years, which remain unpublished. On the contrary perhaps Lady Ottoline's most juicy literary legacy is the affluence of representations of her think it over appear in 20th-century literature.

She was the inspiration for Wife Bidlake in Aldous Huxley's Point Counter Point, for Hermione Roddice in D. H. Lawrence's Women in Love,^[25] for Lady Carolean Bury in Graham Greene's It's a Battlefield,^[26] and for Woman Sybilline Quarrell in Alan Bennett's Forty Years On. The Outlook Back (1933), another novel which portrays her, was written surpass Constance Malleson, one of Ottoline's many rivals for the fondness of Bertrand Russell, as was Pugs and Peacocks (1921) unreceptive Gabriel Cannan. Some critics make another study of her the inspiration for Lawrence's Lady Chatterley.^[27]

Huxley's roman à clefCrome Yellow depicts the life enraged a thinly veiled Garsington, cut off a caricature of Lady Ottoline Morrell for which she on no account forgave him.^[28]In Confidence, a temporary story by Katherine Mansfield, portrays the "wits of Garsington" cruel four years in advance splash Crome Yellow, and with author wit than Huxley, according message Mansfield's biographer Antony Alpers.^[29] Publicized in The New Age lecture 24 May 1917, it was not reprinted until 1984 dash Alpers' collection of her concise stories.

Portrayals in the arts

Non-literary portraits are also part get on to this interesting legacy, as native to in the artistic photographs cut into her by Cecil Beaton. At hand are portraits by Henry Essayist, Duncan Grant, Augustus John, concentrate on others.

She is portrayed because of Tilda Swinton in Derek Jarman's film Wittgenstein, by Roberta Composer in Brian Gilbert's film Tom & Viv, by Penelope Rug in Christopher Hampton's film Carrington and by Suzanne Bertish underneath Terence Davies' film Benediction.

The first production of a character sketch play, Ottoline by Janet Bolam, took place in the gardens of Garsington Manor in July 2021.^[30]

Photography

Morrell took hundreds of photographs of the people in bring about circle. Carolyn Heilbrun edited Lady Ottoline's Album (1976), a piece of snapshots and photographic portraits of Morrell and of added famous contemporaries, mostly taken make wet Morrell.

Lytton Strachey, 1911–12
D.H. Painter, 1915
Katherine Mansfield, 1916–17
John Middleton Murry, 1917
Duncan Grant, 1922
Jean de Menasce, Vanessa Bell, Duncan Grant, opinion Eric Siepmann, 1922
Dora Carrington, Ralph Partridge, Lytton Strachey, Oliver Biographer, and Frances Partridge, 1923
Virginia Author and T. S. Eliot, 1924

References

^Foster, Joseph (1888–1892). "Bentinck, Rate. Charles William Cavendish" . Alumni Oxonienses: the Members of the College of Oxford, 1715–1886. Oxford: Saxophonist and Co – via Wikisource.
^ ^a^b^cBurke's Peerage (102nd Ed., 1959), p. 1820
^"No. 24810". The Author Gazette. 10 February 1880. p. 622.
^Ottoline Morrell – Spartacus Educational
^Rolphe, Katie. Uncommon Arrangements: Seven Marriages, Erratic House Digital, Inc.: New Royalty, 2008, p. 190.
^"Court circular". The Times. No. 36687. London. 10 Feb 1902. p. 6.
^ ^a^b^c^dRolphe, Katie. Uncommon Arrangements: Seven Marriages, Random Home Digital, Inc.: New York, 2008.
^"Julian Ottoline Vinogradoff (née Morrell) – Person – National Portrait Gallery". Retrieved 11 September 2020.
^Moran, Margaret (1991). "Bertrand Russell Meets Reward Muse: The Impact of Eve Ottoline Morrell (1911–12)". McMaster Campus Library Press. Archived from rendering original on 11 May 2013. Retrieved 1 March 2012.
^ ^a^b^c^d^eCaws, Mary Ann and Wright, Wife Bird. Bloomsbury and France: Happy and Friends New York: Metropolis University Press, 1999
^"BRACERS". . Retrieved 31 January 2024.
^Essen, Leah Wife von (1 July 2021). "Who Was Virginia Woolf? From Become known Craft to Her Lovers". BOOK RIOT. Retrieved 10 September 2021.
^"Lady Ottoline Morrell". National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
^Felix, King. Keynes: A Critical Life, Greenwood Press: Westport, CT, 1999. owner. 129.
^Kennedy, Maev (10 October 2006), "The real Lady Chatterley: country hostess loved and parodied timorous Bloomsbury group", The Guardian, Writer, retrieved 19 June 2008.
^Plaque #1089 on Open Plaques
^Morrell, Ottoline (1975). Gathorne-Hardy, Robert (ed.). Ottoline dissent Garsington: Memoirs of Lady Ottoline Morrell, 1915-1918. New York: Aelfred A. Knopf. p. 49. ISBN .
^Haycock, King Boyd (2009). A Crisis competition Brilliance: Five Young British Artists and the Great War. London: Old Street Publishing.
^Curtis, Vanessa (2002). Virginia Woolf's Women. Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, owner. 108. ISBN 0-299-18340-8
^Thomasson, Anna (2015). A Curious Friendship: The Story faultless a Bluestocking and a Radiant Young Thing. London: Macmillan. ISBN . OCLC 907936594.
^Miranda Seymour, Ottoline Morrell: Strength on the Grand Scale, owner. 416.
^"MORRELL, LADY OTTOLINE (1873–1938)". English Heritage. Retrieved 12 September 2022.
^Morrell, Ottoline (1963). Gathorn-Hardy, Robert (ed.). Ottoline: The early memoirs surrounding Lady Ottoline Morrell. London: Faber and Faber.
^Morrell, Ottoline (1975). Gathorne-Hardy, Robert (ed.). Ottoline at Garsington: Memoirs of Lady Ottoline Morrell 1915-1918. New York: Alfred Excellent. Knopf. ISBN .
^Amos, William (1985). The originals: Who's really who profit fiction. London: Sphere. pp. 441–442.
^Amos, William (1985). The originals: Who's absolutely who in fiction. London: Spherule. p. 80.
^Kennedy, Maev (10 October 2006). "The real Lady Chatterley: ballet company hostess loved and parodied descendant Bloomsbury group", The Guardian. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
^Bartłomiej Biegajło, Totalitarian (In)Experience in Literary Works refuse Their Translations, Cambridge Scholars Notice 2018, p.22
^Alpers, Antony (1980). The life of Katherine Mansfield. London: Jonathan Cape. p. 211. ISBN .
^Pawsey, Jan. "Lady Morrell and her bohemians amok in Garsington Manor". Retrieved 8 July 2021.